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The healthcare provider prescribes phytonadione (AquaMEPHYTON) 250 mcg IM to be administered to an infant within 1 hour of admission to the nursery. A 0.5 ml ampule labeled 2 mg in 1 ml is available. The nurse should administer how many ml? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest hundredth.) Change mcg to mg, 1000 mcg = 1 mgUse ratio and proportion to calculate the dose: 2 mg : 1
0.13 mL
0.15 mL
0.18 mL
0.20 mL
Correct Answer:
A. 0.13 mL
Explanation of Correct Answer:
First, convert 250 mcg to mg, since 1 mg = 1,000 mcg:
250 mcg = 0.25 mg.
Next, use the ratio and proportion method to calculate the volume needed. The available concentration is 2 mg in 1 mL.
The proportion is set up as follows:
2 mg / 1 mL = 0.25 mg / x mL
Now, solve for x:
x = (0.25 mg × 1 mL) / 2 mg
x = 0.25 / 2
x = 0.125 mL
Rounded to the nearest hundredth, the volume to administer is 0.13 mL.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect:
B. 0.15 mL is incorrect because it overestimates the required volume based on the available concentration.
C. 0.18 mL is incorrect because it would be too high for the prescribed dose.
D. 0.20 mL is incorrect because it exceeds the correct calculated volume.
Summary:
The nurse should administer 0.13 mL based on the prescribed dose of 250 mcg (0.25 mg) and the available concentration of 2 mg/mL. The correct answer is A. 0.13 mL.
A client receives a prescription for tobramycin sulfate (Nebcin) 0.128 grams IV every 8 hours. Tobramycin is available in liquid concentration of 40 mg/ml. How many ml should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
2.8 mL
3.0 mL
3.2 mL
3.5 mL
Correct Answer:
C. 3.2 mL
Explanation of Correct Answer:
First, convert 0.128 grams to milligrams:
0.128 grams = 128 mg.
The concentration of tobramycin is 40 mg/mL.
To find the volume to administer, divide the prescribed dose by the concentration:
128 mg ÷ 40 mg/mL = 3.2 mL.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect:
A. 2.8 mL is incorrect because it underestimates the required volume.
B. 3.0 mL is incorrect because it does not provide the exact dose required.
D. 3.5 mL is incorrect because it overestimates the required volume.
Summary:
The nurse should administer 3.2 mL of tobramycin sulfate (Nebcin) to provide the prescribed 0.128 grams dose. The correct answer is C. 3.2 mL.
The physician orders cefazolin 2 g in 50 mL of NS IVPB to infuse over 30 minutes. The tubing drop factor is 60 gtt/mL. Calculate the flow rate in drops per minute (gtt/min). (Round to the nearest whole number)
Select one:
60 gtt/min
75 gtt/min
90 gtt/min
100 gtt/min
Correct Answer:
C. 100 gtt/min
Explanation of Correct Answer:
Step 1: Use the formula for flow rate in drops per minute:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = (Volume to infuse × Drop factor) ÷ Time in minutes
= (50 mL × 60 gtt/mL) ÷ 30 min
= 3000 ÷ 30
= 100 gtt/min
Why the Other Options are Incorrect:
A. 60 gtt/min = Too slow; would take 50 minutes to infuse.
B. 75 gtt/min = Still too slow; would take ~40 minutes.
D. 90 gtt/min = Slightly under — would take about 33 minutes.
Summary:
To infuse 50 mL of cefazolin over 30 minutes with a 60 gtt/mL drop factor, the nurse should administer 100 gtt/min.
A nurse is reviewing a prescription for ibuprofen 150 mg PO with the parent of a child. Available is ibuprofen suspension 100 mg/5 mL. How many tsp should the nurse advise the parent to administer to the child? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
5.0 tsp
1 tsp
1.5 tsp
2 tsp
Correct answer: C. 1.5 tsp
Detailed explanation of the correct answer:
Step 1: Use the available concentration of ibuprofen, which is 100 mg per 5 mL.
Step 2: To find how many mL deliver the prescribed 150 mg dose:
150 mg × (5 mL ÷ 100 mg) = 7.5 mL
Step 3: Convert mL to teaspoons:
Since 1 tsp = 5 mL, divide the total volume needed by 5:
7.5 mL ÷ 5 mL/tsp = 1.5 tsp
Explanation of why the other options are incorrect:
A. 0.5 tsp equals 2.5 mL, which provides only 50 mg—too low.
B. 1 tsp equals 5 mL or 100 mg—also too low.
D. 2 tsp equals 10 mL or 200 mg—too much for a 150 mg dose.
Summary:
To administer a 150 mg dose of ibuprofen using a suspension of 100 mg/5 mL, the correct amount is 7.5 mL, which equals 1.5 teaspoons.
The healthcare provider (HCP) increases a client's prescription for nifedipine 30 mg to 60 mg PO daily. The medication is available in 30 mg extended-release tablets. How many tablet(s) should the nurse administer? (Enter numerical value only.)
1 tablet
2 tablets
3 tablets
4 tablets
Correct answer: B. 2 tablets
Detailed explanation:
Determine the prescribed dose:
The healthcare provider has increased the prescription to 60 mg daily.
Determine the available strength:
The medication is available in 30 mg extended-release tablets.
Calculate the number of tablets to administer:
To administer 60 mg with 30 mg tablets:
60 mg ÷ 30 mg/tablet = 2 tablets.
Explanation of the incorrect options:
A. 1 tablet - This would be incorrect because 1 tablet would provide only 30 mg, which is half of the prescribed dose.
C. 3 tablets - This is too much and would provide 90 mg, which is more than the prescribed 60 mg.
D. 4 tablets - This is also incorrect and would give 120 mg, which exceeds the prescribed dose.
Summary:
The nurse should administer 2 tablets to provide the prescribed dose of 60 mg of nifedipine.
TPN 2,000 mL is ordered to infuse over 24 hours. Using an IV controller, how many milliliters per hour should be infused?
(Round to the nearest whole number.)
Select one:
75 mL/hr
83 mL/hr
100 mL/hr
125 mL/hr
Correct Answer:
C. 83 mL/hr
Explanation of Correct Answer:
Step 1: Use the formula for IV infusion rate (mL/hr):
Infusion Rate = Total Volume ÷ Total Time (in hours)
= 2,000 mL ÷ 24 hr
= 83.33 mL/hr
Step 2: Round to the nearest whole number:
= 83 mL/hr
Why the Other Options are Incorrect:
A. 75 mL/hr = Too low; would take too long to infuse the total volume.
B. 83 mL/hr = Close, but slightly under if not rounded properly.
D. 125 mL/hr = Too fast; would complete infusion in less than 24 hours.
Summary:
To infuse 2,000 mL of TPN over 24 hours, the nurse should set the IV controller to 83 mL/hr.
A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin 2 mg/kg IM to a school-age child who weighs 55 Ib. Available is gentamicin injection 40 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if ɨt applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
1.0 mL
1.2 mL
1.3 mL
1.5 mL
Correct answer: C. 1.3 mL
Detailed explanation of the correct answer:
Step 1: Convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms:
55 lb ÷ 2.2 lb/kg = 25 kg
Step 2: Calculate the total dose of gentamicin:
2 mg/kg × 25 kg = 50 mg
Step 3: Calculate the volume of gentamicin needed:
Available concentration = 40 mg/mL
Required volume = 50 mg ÷ 40 mg/mL = 1.25 mL
Rounding 1.25 mL to the nearest tenth, the nurse should administer 1.3 mL per dose.
Explanation of why the other options are incorrect:
A. 1.0 mL × 40 mg/mL = 40 mg, which is not the required dose of 50 mg.
B. 1.2 mL × 40 mg/mL = 48 mg, which is still less than the required 50 mg dose.
D. 1.5 mL × 40 mg/mL = 60 mg, which exceeds the required 50 mg dose.
Summary:
To administer the prescribed dose of 2 mg/kg gentamicin to a child weighing 55 lb (25 kg), the nurse should administer 1.3 mL of gentamicin.
A client who weighs 132 pounds receives a prescription for dalteparin 200 units/kg SUBQ once a day for a month. The medication is available in 25,000 units/mL vial. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Enter numerical value. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
0.5 mL
0.8 mL
1.2 mL
1.6 mL
Correct Answer: A. 0.5 mL
Why this answer is correct:
First, convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms:
132 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 60 kg
Then calculate the total units required:
200 units/kg × 60 kg = 12,000 units
Now, determine the volume to administer using the concentration of the vial:
12,000 units ÷ 25,000 units/mL = 0.48 mL
Rounded to the nearest tenth = 0.5 mL
Therefore, the nurse should administer 0.5 mL of dalteparin.
Why the other options are wrong:
B. 0.8 mL – This would equate to 20,000 units, which is far above the ordered 12,000 units and would risk overdose.
C. 1.2 mL – This would deliver 30,000 units, 2.5 times the correct dose. This error could stem from misinterpreting the dosage or weight.
D. 1.6 mL – This would administer 40,000 units, over three times the ordered amount, which is a significant overdose and potentially dangerous.
Summary:
The client's weight of 132 pounds converts to 60 kg. At 200 units/kg, the dose is 12,000 units. When the concentration is 25,000 units/mL, the nurse should administer 0.48 mL, which rounds to 0.5 mL. The correct answer is A. 0.5 mL.
The physician orders vancomycin 500 mg in 250 mL of D5W IVPB daily to infuse over 2 hours. Tubing drop factor is 15 gtt/mL. Calculate the flow rate in drop: per minute. Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
31 gtt/min
25 gtt/min
35 gtt/min
20 gtt/min
Correct answer: A. 31 gtt/min
Detailed explanation of the correct answer:
To calculate the flow rate in drops per minute:
Identify the given values:
Volume to be infused = 250 mL
Time = 2 hours = 120 minutes
Drop factor = 15 gtt/mL
Apply the formula to calculate the flow rate:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = (Volume to be infused ÷ Time in minutes) × Drop factor
Flow rate = (250 mL ÷ 120 minutes) × 15 gtt/mL
Flow rate = 2.0833 mL/min × 15 gtt/mL
Flow rate = 31.25 gtt/min
Round to the nearest whole number:
Flow rate ≈ 31 gtt/min
Explanation of why the other options are incorrect:
B. 25 gtt/min is incorrect because it underestimates the required flow rate.
C. 35 gtt/min is incorrect because it overestimates the required flow rate.
D. 20 gtt/min is incorrect because it significantly underestimates the flow rate.
Summary:
The nurse should set the IV to infuse at 31 gtt/min based on the given order and drop factor.
The healthcare provider prescribes magnesium sulfate 300 mg/hour IV. The IV bag is contains magnesium sulfate 4 grams in dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 500 mL. How many mL/hour should the nurse set the infusion pump? (Enter numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
25 mL/hr
30 mL/hr
37.5 mL/hr
40 mL/hr
Correct Answer: C. 37.5 mL/hr
Detailed Explanation of the Correct Answer:
Step 1: Convert grams to milligrams to match units.
4 grams = 4,000 mg
Step 2: Determine how many mg are in each mL of solution.
4,000 mg ÷ 500 mL = 8 mg/mL
Step 3: Use the desired dose to calculate how many mL/hour to administer:
300 mg ÷ 8 mg/mL = 37.5 mL/hr
Explanation of Incorrect Options:
A. 25 mL/hr would deliver only 200 mg/hr, which is too low.
B. 30 mL/hr would deliver 240 mg/hr, which is also below the prescribed rate.
D. 40 mL/hr would deliver 320 mg/hr, which exceeds the prescribed 300 mg/hr and could result in magnesium toxicity.
Summary:
To deliver 300 mg/hr from a solution with 4,000 mg in 500 mL (8 mg/mL), divide 300 ÷ 8 = 37.5 mL/hr. The correct answer is C. 37.5 mL/hr.
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