EXACT CHEM 120 W8 Exam3 questions with complete answers revealed. Students shocked by how accurate our question bank is. Try it now.
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When glucose and galactose react, a glycosidic linkage is formed. What are the products of this reaction?
Water and a disaccharide
Disaccharide
Water and a polysaccharide
Polysaccharide
When glucose and galactose undergo a dehydration synthesis (condensation) reaction, a glycosidic bond forms between them, releasing one molecule of water as a byproduct. The resulting disaccharide is lactose, commonly known as milk sugar. This process links two monosaccharides to form larger carbohydrate molecules while producing water due to the removal of hydrogen (H) and hydroxyl (OH) groups from the reacting sugars.
Which of the compounds below is classified as a carboxylic acid?
CH₃CH₂COOH
CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
CH₃CH₂OCH₃
CH₃COOCH₂CH₃
A carboxylic acid is an organic compound containing the carboxyl functional group (-COOH). The formula CH₃CH₂COOH represents propanoic acid, which includes this group. Carboxylic acids are known for their acidic properties and often have a sour taste and sharp odor.
During transcription, a DNA molecule has the partial sequence: GGT-AAA-AAC. What mRNA sequence is made?
GGT-AAA-AAC
TTT-TTG-CCA
GGU-AAA-AAC
CCA-UUU-UUG
During transcription, the mRNA strand is formed complementary to the DNA template strand. Base-pairing rules are as follows:
DNA G pairs with RNA C
DNA C pairs with RNA G
DNA A pairs with RNA U
DNA T pairs with RNA A
So, if the DNA template sequence is GGT-AAA-AAC, the complementary mRNA sequence will be:
CCA-UUU-UUG
This type of biomolecule consists of a long carbon chain with a carboxylic acid end and can be classified as saturated or unsaturated.
Hormone
Triglyceride
Wax
Fatty acid
Protein
A fatty acid is a long hydrocarbon chain with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at one end. Fatty acids can be classified as:
Saturated, when they contain only single carbon–carbon bonds (solid at room temperature), or
Unsaturated, when they contain one or more double bonds (liquid at room temperature).
Fatty acids are the building blocks of lipids, including triglycerides and phospholipids, and play key roles in energy storage and membrane structure.
Which of the following are ways healthcare workers protect themselves from ionizing radiation? Select all that apply.
Decrease time of exposure
Wear a lead apron
Drink plenty of water before
Increase distance from source
A. Decrease time of exposure
Limiting the amount of time spent near a radiation source minimizes the total dose absorbed. The less time a worker spends exposed, the smaller the risk of cellular damage or long-term health effects.
B. Wear a lead apron
Lead aprons provide an effective barrier against ionizing radiation, especially during diagnostic imaging procedures like X-rays. The dense lead material absorbs radiation, protecting vital organs and reducing exposure to reproductive and bone marrow tissues.
D. Increase distance from source
Radiation intensity decreases sharply with distance, following the inverse square law. By maximizing distance from the radiation source, healthcare workers significantly reduce their exposure and risk, even without heavy shielding.
In order to protect yourself from radiation, it is important to know which type of radiation penetrates most deeply into the body. Which type of ionizing radiation would you expect to penetrate most deeply into your body?
Gamma rays
Visible light
Beta decay particles
Alpha decay particles
Gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves with no mass or charge, allowing them to penetrate deeply through most materials, including human tissue. Unlike alpha and beta particles, which are stopped by skin or thin barriers, gamma rays require dense shielding like lead or concrete. This deep penetration makes gamma radiation the most hazardous type of ionizing radiation for internal exposure and one of the most challenging to shield against effectively.
If a person's body suddenly became unable to do the process of translation, what biomolecule class would you be immediately unable to produce?
Proteins
DNA
Carbohydrates
Lipids
RNA
Translation is the cellular process in which ribosomes read messenger RNA (mRNA) to assemble amino acids into specific protein sequences. If translation stops, the body cannot produce proteins—essential molecules responsible for structure, enzymes, transport, and signaling. Without protein synthesis, nearly all cellular functions, including metabolism, growth, and repair, would cease, leading to system-wide failure in biological processes.
How do we convert from moles (mol) of a compound to mass (g) of a compound? I'll give you a hint: You're going to need the molar weight (MW).
g = mol × MW
g = mol ÷ MW
MW = g × mol
g = MW ÷ mol
To find the mass of a compound in grams, multiply the number of moles by the compound’s molar mass (MW), which represents grams per mole. This relationship links the amount of substance to its measurable weight:
mass (g) = moles × molar mass (g/mol).
For example, 2 moles of water (H₂O) with a molar mass of 18.0 g/mol would have a mass of 36.0 g.
Select all of the following that you would expect to be a liquid oil at room temperature:
A fatty acid containing multiple carbon-to-carbon double bonds
A dipeptide
A fatty acid containing hexane
A fatty acid classified as unsaturated
A carbohydrate with a glycosidic bond
A. A fatty acid containing multiple carbon-to-carbon double bonds
Fatty acids with multiple double bonds (polyunsaturated fatty acids) have kinks in their hydrocarbon chains that prevent tight packing of molecules. This results in weaker intermolecular forces, keeping them liquid at room temperature. Examples include omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids found in vegetable oils and fish oils.
D. A fatty acid classified as unsaturated
Unsaturated fatty acids (both mono- and polyunsaturated) contain one or more double bonds, which reduce molecular rigidity and melting point. Thus, they are typically liquid oils at room temperature, unlike saturated fats, which are solid
A medical isotope has a half-life of 20 minutes. If you have 400 grams of this freshly prepared isotope, how many grams will remain after 60 minutes?
20 g
50 g
3 g
100 g
200 g
The half-life is 20 minutes, meaning the quantity halves every 20 minutes.
Start: 400 g
After 20 minutes: 400 g ÷ 2 = 200 g
After 40 minutes: 200 g ÷ 2 = 100 g
After 60 minutes: 100 g ÷ 2 = 50 g
Thus, after 60 minutes (3 half-lives), 50 g remains.
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